This session was aimed to engage in a comprehensive dialogue about the successful examination of airway disease phenotypes and endotypes, the identification of newly uncovered underlying pathologies, and innovative treatments derived from longitudinal cohort studies. Additionally, to provide insights into the lasting impacts of various treatments and elucidate how longitudinal cohorts have contributed significantly to our current understanding of airway diseases. Lastly, to conduct a critical assessment of the establishment and findings from four key longitudinal cohort studies. The first of the presentations in this study was” The Unbiased Biomarkers for the Prediction of Respiratory Disease Outcomes (U-BIOPRED) consortium, a pan-European public-private collaboration, has described molecular phenotypes and endotypes that stretch across severe refractory asthma using innovative systems biology approach.